[Don't merge] TypedIdentifier, Box<str> and other tweaks

[maciejhirsz]

Will be crossing out things in this PR as they are moved to their own smaller PRs:

• Added TypedIdentifier, following the grammar spec, that must have a type. Function definitions and variable declarations now use Vec<TypedIdentifier> instead of Vec<Identifier>.
• Identifier is now a newtype wrapping a Box<str>, following the grammar spec it does not allow a type to be attached.
  • Using Box<str> instead of String to reduce the size of the AST in memory. Previously Identifier used to take 7 words (56 bytes on 64bit arch), now Identifier takes 2 words while TypedIdentifier takes 5.
• Added From impls to easily create instances of Identifier from string literals ("foo".into() or Identifier::from("foo")).
• Literal now uses Box<str> instead of String (same reason as above) and must have a type as per grammar definition.
• Added convenience From imps for Literal that allows to quickly create them from Rust literals (eg. Literal::from(42u8) == Literal { literal: "42".into(), yultype: Type::Uint8 }).
• Validator impl for Identifier checks that the identifier is in accordance with the grammar.
• Changed the error type from String to &'static str in the validator, although custom enum or using the error_chain crate would be better here I reckon.
• Some Display impls got their list printing reworked with a helper function that is much more efficient. I'm not sure if using Display is the best choice here, a custom trait could be way more efficient and would allow for different formatting options, if needed.

[axic]

Thank you, this looks great!

Would it be possible to split up the changes into multiple PRs? If so, can we start with one, get it merged and so forth?

[maciejhirsz]

@axic sure, I'll break down the PR tomorrow.

[axic]

Nice! Lets just start with a single change first and then we can keep coming back to this PR to pick the other changes from.