ci(graph_msf): run regression tests in ROS Docker jobs

[nubertj]

Motivation

The ROS Docker jobs build the project but do not run the core regression tests.

Change

Run graph_config_test through CTest in both ROS images. Enable BUILD_TESTING explicitly. Fail the job on test failures or missing tests.

Includes the optimizer handoff regressions from merged #47 (preserve IMU propagation across optimizer updates).

Validation

• Shell syntax, workflow YAML, and whitespace checks pass.
• Exercised the runner in a local development container with a small CMake fixture: passing tests return 0, failing tests return 8, and missing tests return 8.
• Full ROS image validation remains pending in GitHub Actions.

Authored by OpenAI Codex with user direction.