diff --git a/schemas/rules.v1.json b/schemas/rules.v1.json
index 8723a857..f670372f 100644
--- a/schemas/rules.v1.json
+++ b/schemas/rules.v1.json
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
     "jsx-key",
     "jsx-no-children-prop",
     "jsx-no-comment-text-nodes",
+    "jsx-no-conflicting-pragmas",
     "jsx-no-danger-with-children",
     "jsx-no-duplicate-props",
     "jsx-no-unescaped-entities",
diff --git a/src/rules.rs b/src/rules.rs
index b5f9fcfc..9a1d4823 100644
--- a/src/rules.rs
+++ b/src/rules.rs
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ pub mod jsx_curly_braces;
 pub mod jsx_key;
 pub mod jsx_no_children_prop;
 pub mod jsx_no_comment_text_nodes;
+pub mod jsx_no_conflicting_pragmas;
 pub mod jsx_no_duplicate_props;
 pub mod jsx_no_unescaped_entities;
 pub mod jsx_no_useless_fragment;
@@ -275,6 +276,7 @@ fn get_all_rules_raw() -> Vec<Box<dyn LintRule>> {
     Box::new(jsx_key::JSXKey),
     Box::new(jsx_no_children_prop::JSXNoChildrenProp),
     Box::new(jsx_no_comment_text_nodes::JSXNoCommentTextNodes),
+    Box::new(jsx_no_conflicting_pragmas::JSXNoConflictingPragmas),
     Box::new(jsx_no_duplicate_props::JSXNoDuplicateProps),
     Box::new(jsx_no_unescaped_entities::JSXNoUnescapedEntities),
     Box::new(jsx_no_useless_fragment::JSXNoUselessFragment),
diff --git a/src/rules/jsx_no_conflicting_pragmas.rs b/src/rules/jsx_no_conflicting_pragmas.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..08b74c85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rules/jsx_no_conflicting_pragmas.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+// Copyright 2018-2024 the Deno authors. All rights reserved. MIT license.
+
+use super::{Context, LintRule};
+use crate::tags::{self, Tags};
+use crate::Program;
+use deno_ast::SourceRange;
+use deno_ast::SourceRanged;
+use deno_ast::SourceRangedForSpanned;
+use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
+use regex::Regex;
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct JSXNoConflictingPragmas;
+
+const CODE: &str = "jsx-no-conflicting-pragmas";
+const MESSAGE: &str = "Conflicting JSX pragmas";
+const HINT: &str = "The classic runtime pragmas `@jsx` and `@jsxFragment` are ignored when `@jsxImportSource` (the automatic runtime) is set. Use one runtime or the other, not both.";
+
+// `@jsxImportSource` selects the automatic JSX runtime. The trailing word
+// boundary makes sure the types-only `@jsxImportSourceTypes` directive,
+// which doesn't switch the runtime on its own, is not matched here.
+static IMPORT_SOURCE_RE: Lazy<Regex> =
+  Lazy::new(|| Regex::new(r"@jsxImportSource\b").unwrap());
+
+// `@jsx`, `@jsxFrag` and `@jsxFragment` are classic runtime pragmas. The
+// trailing word boundary makes sure we don't match `@jsxImportSource` or
+// `@jsxRuntime`.
+static CLASSIC_PRAGMA_RE: Lazy<Regex> =
+  Lazy::new(|| Regex::new(r"@jsx(Frag(ment)?)?\b").unwrap());
+
+impl LintRule for JSXNoConflictingPragmas {
+  fn tags(&self) -> Tags {
+    &[tags::REACT, tags::JSX]
+  }
+
+  fn code(&self) -> &'static str {
+    CODE
+  }
+
+  fn lint_program_with_ast_view(
+    &self,
+    context: &mut Context,
+    program: Program,
+  ) {
+    // JSX pragmas only take effect in the file's leading comments, so only
+    // consider comments that appear before the first statement.
+    let first_item_start = match program {
+      Program::Module(module) => module.body.first().map(|n| n.start()),
+      Program::Script(script) => script.body.first().map(|n| n.start()),
+    };
+
+    let mut has_import_source = false;
+    let mut classic_pragma_ranges: Vec<SourceRange> = Vec::new();
+
+    for comment in context.all_comments() {
+      if let Some(first_item_start) = first_item_start {
+        if comment.start() >= first_item_start {
+          continue;
+        }
+      }
+
+      if IMPORT_SOURCE_RE.is_match(&comment.text) {
+        has_import_source = true;
+      }
+
+      // A comment can hold the `@jsxImportSource` pragma and still not be a
+      // classic pragma, so check both independently.
+      if CLASSIC_PRAGMA_RE.is_match(&comment.text) {
+        classic_pragma_ranges.push(comment.range());
+      }
+    }
+
+    if has_import_source {
+      for range in classic_pragma_ranges {
+        context.add_diagnostic_with_hint(range, CODE, MESSAGE, HINT);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+  use super::*;
+
+  #[test]
+  fn jsx_no_conflicting_pragmas_valid() {
+    assert_lint_ok! {
+      JSXNoConflictingPragmas,
+      filename: "file:///foo.jsx",
+      // Only the automatic runtime.
+      r#"/** @jsxImportSource https://esm.sh/preact */
+    const a = <div />;"#,
+      // Only the classic runtime.
+      r#"/** @jsx h */
+/** @jsxFragment Fragment */
+const a = <div />;"#,
+      // `@jsxImportSource` paired with `@jsxImportSourceTypes` is fine.
+      r#"/** @jsxImportSource https://esm.sh/preact */
+/** @jsxImportSourceTypes https://esm.sh/preact */
+const a = <div />;"#,
+      // `@jsxImportSourceTypes` alone doesn't switch the runtime, so it
+      // doesn't conflict with the classic pragmas.
+      r#"/** @jsxImportSourceTypes https://esm.sh/preact */
+/** @jsx h */
+const a = <div />;"#,
+      // No pragmas at all.
+      r#"const a = <div />;"#,
+    };
+  }
+
+  #[test]
+  fn jsx_no_conflicting_pragmas_invalid() {
+    assert_lint_err! {
+      JSXNoConflictingPragmas,
+      filename: "file:///foo.jsx",
+      r#"/** @jsxImportSource https://esm.sh/preact */
+/** @jsx h */
+const a = <div />;"#: [
+        {
+          line: 2,
+          col: 0,
+          message: MESSAGE,
+          hint: HINT,
+        }
+      ],
+      r#"/** @jsxImportSource https://esm.sh/preact */
+/** @jsx h */
+/** @jsxFragment Fragment */
+const a = <div />;"#: [
+        {
+          line: 2,
+          col: 0,
+          message: MESSAGE,
+          hint: HINT,
+        },
+        {
+          line: 3,
+          col: 0,
+          message: MESSAGE,
+          hint: HINT,
+        }
+      ],
+      // Order doesn't matter.
+      r#"/** @jsx h */
+/** @jsxImportSource https://esm.sh/preact */
+const a = <div />;"#: [
+        {
+          line: 1,
+          col: 0,
+          message: MESSAGE,
+          hint: HINT,
+        }
+      ],
+    };
+  }
+}